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2. Implementation

❶ Ask a question to your students.
❷ Give them one or two minutes to individually think about the question.
❸ Pair up the students.
❹ Let the students exchange and share their ideas in pairs.
(This step can be substituted by activities among multiple pairs at once or activities among groups of three or more.)
❺ Let each pair share their ideas with the whole class. (One person per pair/group shall be the speaker.)
❻ It takes 5–15 minutes in total. (It depends on the number of participants.)

(The image of students working in pairs)

3. Features and Tips

・It can also be used in large classes.
・It works as a practice in communicating with others.
・It can be used for various activities including warm-ups.
・It may end up chatting depending on the question or group size.
→It is necessary to set specific questions, give instructions with clarity, and be considerate of your students’ level. Avoid posing simple questions that depend on whether the students have certain knowledge or not, such as questions that ask about a specific year or name!

Jigsaw Method

1. Definition　　

The Jigsaw Method is a technique to support collaborative learning*. *A method to support group activities
Participants can grasp the whole picture of the learning material and deepen their understanding from multiple angles by combining each component like assembling a jigsaw puzzle. It is crucial that the instructor prepare adequate problems.
The method was proposed by American social psychologist Elliot Aronson, Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Santa Cruz, in the 1970s.

2. Implementation (Example)

(1) Divide a long English passage into three parts: A, B, and C.
(Preparation and division of learning materials)
(2) Divide students into three groups (“expert groups“) and assign each group with different materials (A, B, and C). Let the members of each group cooperate with each other to translate the assigned segment of the English passage into Japanese.
(Distribution of materials and group activities)
(3) Form new groups, each comprising members from different groups (A, B, and C). It means that each new group consists of students who translated either A, B, or C.
(Reorganization of groups)
(4) Let the new groups (“jigsaw groups“) work by having each member explain the segment he/she translated. The groups will then organize the translation of the whole passage.
(Jigsaw group activities)
(5) Let each jigsaw group make presentations on their translation.
(6) It takes about 60 minutes in total. (It depends on the total number of participants and groups.)

(The image of group activity)

3. Features and Tips

・It enables the individual learners to become responsible.
・It helps participants to practice communicating with each other.
・It helps participants to develop their tolerance of the differences in ideas.
・It is necessary to set problems that deepen learning.
・Be careful of time allocation because the procedure includes the reorganization of groups.
・Be careful to divide groups equally.